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[小说文学]短篇小说集：坐窗观风景[第239页] |
| 作者:San若梦 |
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@周一沉 2017-08-18 09:05:39 战忽局？战略忽悠局？局座天天黑阿三也没见敏感啊 ----------------------------- @镜水中天 2017-08-22 16:49:26 哈哈！黑谁都可以，就是不能黑自己。应该是这个意思吧？ ----------------------------- @周一沉 2017-08-23 08:30:14 不完全是。以渣浪为代表的几大门户网站，以渣浪微博那些公知大v为代表，可以看出幕后黑手极其强烈的试图控制舆论操纵民意的张狂。而这些网站目前已经都是外资的了，大股东都是外资。其它网站呢，即便不是外资，但存在大量的删帖挣钱的水军。黑自己相对于夸自己来说被删的可能性反而小些。 我被删的那大段文字主旨还是夸咱祖国的。 ----------------------------- @镜水中天 2017-08-23 16:12:09 这几天的感觉是莫谈国事，谈就被删。 ----------------------------- 谈美.国事的帖子也被删，以前好像还没有过。 |
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@San若梦 2017-08-23 05:16:14 The cause of the sexual aberration is not known. One may postulate that there is a gene in the sex chromosomes which has to do with the identification and feel of maleness or femaleness and that this sex gene is intimately attached to Y chromosomes in males and to one (or both) of the X chromosomes in females. If the bond is broken up, then the sex identification gene, which ordinarily is intimately attached to the isosex differentiation gene, may become transposed and attach itself to the heterosex differentiation gene, resulting in a transvestite. (Iso-equal.) ----------------------------- 性偏差的起因未知。人们可能会猜测性染色体中有一个基因与男性或女性的鉴别和感觉有关，它在男性身上就紧密地依附于Y染色体，女性身上就是两个X染色体或其中之一。如果联结破裂，这个通常是紧密依附于同性鉴别基因的确定性别的基因，可能就会换位，转而去依附异性鉴别基因，导致易装欲的产生。 |
| A theory such as that would indeed explain much better than psychological "conditioning" the astonishing depth and the intensity with which a transsexual identifies with the opposite sex. Incidentally, it would also explain the resistance to treatment. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-23 23:02:26 A theory such as that would indeed explain much better than psychological "conditioning" the astonishing depth and the intensity with which a transsexual identifies with the opposite sex. Incidentally, it would also explain the resistance to treatment. ----------------------------- 诸如此类的理论，的确能比心理学的“条件作用”更好地解释变性欲者认为自己是相反性别的令人震惊的深度和强度，顺便也能解释对治疗的抵触。 |
| Per Anchersen, head of the department of psychiatry at the City Hospital of Oslo, Norway, briefly discusses etiology in his paper "Problems of Transvestism." [5] |
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@San若梦 2017-08-23 23:09:58 Per Anchersen, head of the department of psychiatry at the City Hospital of Oslo, Norway, briefly discusses etiology in his paper "Problems of Transvestism." [5] ----------------------------- 挪威奥斯陆市立医院精神病科主任，Per Anchersen在他的文章《易装欲的问题》里简短讨论过其起因。 |
| He has himself examined six transsexuals to whom, however, he refers as "genuine transvestites," using Hamburger's terminology. He found no symptoms of "primary mental disease." He feels that bisexuality, some forms of homosexuality, and transvestism are "different stages along a line of sexual deviation." |
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@San若梦 2017-08-23 23:16:06 He has himself examined six transsexuals to whom, however, he refers as "genuine transvestites," using Hamburger's terminology. He found no symptoms of "primary mental disease." He feels that bisexuality, some forms of homosexuality, and transvestism are "different stages along a line of sexual deviation." ----------------------------- 他本人检查过六位变性欲者，但沿用汉堡医生的术语，他把他们说成“真正的易装欲者”。他没有找到“基本的精神疾病”的任何症状，他觉得双性恋、某些形式的同性恋、以及易装欲是“一条性偏差线上不同的阶段”。 |
| Two of the transvestites were a monozygotic pair of twins. "From their early childhood they behaved like girls." After their sixteenth year, they "have been working separated in kitchens." . . . Both "stressed their aversions to homosexual men . . . " one of the twins urgently wished to change his sex, the other preferred to wait and see how his brother was going on . . . . "Intellectually both were retarded with an I.Q. of 74." |
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@San若梦 2017-08-23 23:28:03 Two of the transvestites were a monozygotic pair of twins. "From their early childhood they behaved like girls." After their sixteenth year, they "have been working separated in kitchens." . . . Both "stressed their aversions to homosexual men . . . " one of the twins urgently wished to change his sex, the other preferred to wait and see how his brother was going on . . . . "Intellectually both were retarded with an I.Q. of 74." ----------------------------- 其中两位易装欲者是同卵双胞胎。“从儿时起他们就表现得像女孩。"十六岁后，他们“分别在不同的厨房里工作过……”。两个人都“强调他们对同性恋男性的厌恶……”，一个很急迫地想要变性，另一个情愿等着看他兄弟的状况再说……“智力上两个人都属弱智，智商为74。” |
| This seems so far the only case of identical twins among transsexuals reported in the medical literature. 1 have seen none among my own patients. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-23 23:45:26 This seems so far the only case of identical twins among transsexuals reported in the medical literature. 1 have seen none among my own patients. ----------------------------- 这是目前为止在医学文献里报告过的唯一一例同卵双胞胎变性欲。我的病人里从未有过。 |
| Anchersen quotes Kallmann from his studies of homosexual twins as follows: "In 40 monozygotic pairs of twins there was not only a complete concordance concerning the homosexuality as such. Even the development and the performance of the sexual activity were quite identical. . . . In many cases, the twins lived separated from their early childhood." [6] |
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@San若梦 2017-08-23 23:52:33 Anchersen quotes Kallmann from his studies of homosexual twins as follows: "In 40 monozygotic pairs of twins there was not only a complete concordance concerning the homosexuality as such. Even the development and the performance of the sexual activity were quite identical. . . . In many cases, the twins lived separated from their early childhood." [6] ----------------------------- Anchersen 引用Kallmann关于同性恋双胞胎的研究如下：“在四十对同卵双胞胎中，不仅在性取向上有完全的一致性，甚至其性活动的发展及表现都完全相同……许多案例中，双胞胎们从儿时起就分开生活的。” |
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Albert Ellis, the noted psychologist, disagrees and says: If homosexuality is a directly inherited human trait, it could reasonably be expected that the fathers of homosexual twins would also, in a very high percentage of cases, have distinct homosexual histories. Since this was not found and since there is no other evidence showing that homosexuals have fathers, uncles, or other male relatives who, in a significantly high percentage of cases, also prove to be homosexual, it seems highly unlikely that true hereditary factors are directly involved in homosexuality. Congenital factors, possibly, but hardly hereditary ones. [7] |
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@San若梦 2017-08-20 22:18:46 ----------------------------- 镜水中天： 2017-08-22 16:31:52 评论 这个要学习。明年我也试试，让我家那棵馨香宜人的月季也有自己的后代！ ----------------------------- 太容易了，完全超出我的预想，而且成活率非常之高。等我移栽完毕来做个总结，大概在十一二月份吧。 |
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@周一沉 2017-08-24 05:32:08 所以呢，所谓美分是真实存在的，夸美扁那谁会被删，夸那谁扁美也会被删，独立思考的真话是不受媒体老板欢迎的。fake news充斥全世界，可怜的床破。 ----------------------------- 床破及其一伙子、一家子，难道不是fake news最大的制造者和受益者吗？ 一沉你再这么不顾及基本事实地胡诌，我真就要把花魁给唤来了哈～～：） @花魁花魁花魁 @顶帖滴顶帖滴顶帖滴 |
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@周一沉 2017-08-24 05:32:08 所以呢，所谓美分是真实存在的，夸美扁那谁会被删，夸那谁扁美也会被删，独立思考的真话是不受媒体老板欢迎的。fake news充斥全世界，可怜的床破。 ----------------------------- @San若梦 2017-08-24 06:12:55 床破及其一伙子、一家子，难道不是fake news最大的制造者和受益者吗？ 一沉你再这么不顾及基本事实地胡诌，我真就要把花魁给唤来了哈～～：） @花魁花魁花魁 @顶帖滴顶帖滴顶帖滴 ----------------------------- @周一沉 2017-08-24 06:16:36 错！现在操纵话语权的绝对不是床破！所以床破只能靠twitter，而国内几大门户网站的幕后与美帝的fake news幕后是同一只黑手！ ----------------------------- 好吧，就用这帖来说说。 【而国内几大门户网站的幕后与美帝的fake news幕后是同一只黑手！】——这个结论下得何其的气壮山河！ 一般情况下，要让我相信如此惊世的结论，没有几十年时间的沉淀，没有海量的证据支撑，没有几个几十个的诉讼官司打下来，没有一个甚至几个国家高度的特别调查组（比如现正在对床破家族与俄关系进行调查的这个）给出结论，基本没可能。 我得对得起爹妈给的这智商不是？ |
| Per Anchersen himself concludes: "the homosexuality manifested in the genuine transvestite seems to belong to the constitutional form." |
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@San若梦 2017-08-24 09:42:46 Per Anchersen himself concludes: "the homosexuality manifested in the genuine transvestite seems to belong to the constitutional form." ----------------------------- Per Anchersen自己得出结论：“真正易装欲者显示出的同性恋取向，看起来属于结构性的。” |
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Endocrine sources A possible endocrine cause of transsexualism has been investigated in a few cases with great thoroughness. Beyond a few suspicious findings, no definite proof has as yet been found. It may or may not have an endocrine significance that among my 152 male transsexuals, nearly 40 per cent were found to have more or less distinct signs of a degree of sexual underdevelopment (hypogonadism), as was mentioned previously. In such a condition, the pituitary as well as the gonads may be at fault with, of course, an inborn reason behind it. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-24 09:49:15 Endocrine sources A possible endocrine cause of transsexualism has been investigated in a few cases with great thoroughness. Beyond a few suspicious findings, no definite proof has as yet been found. It may or may not have an endocrine significance that among my 152 male transsexuals, nearly 40 per cent were found to have more or less distinct signs of a degree of sexual underdevelopment (hypogonadism), as was mentioned previously. In such a condition, the pituitary as well as the gonads may be at fault with, of course, an inborn reason behind it. ----------------------------- 内分泌上来源 变性欲在内分泌上可能的来源，在几起案例中被相当完全地研究过。除了几个很值得怀疑的发现之外，没有什么确定的证据被发现。在我的152位病人中——如前所述，将近百分之四十被发现有不同程度的性发育不完全（性腺机能减退）——内分泌因素的重要性可能存在，也可能不存在。这样的条件下，垂体以及生殖腺可能有过错，当然是由先天性原因引发。 |
| A few years ago the American psychiatrist, Robert J. Stoller, and his collaborators [8] reported the case of an evidently transsexual man who had a typically feminine body build with feminine hair distribution, but with testes and a normal penis and without internal female organs as revealed through laparotomy. Nevertheless, there was "evidence of continuing estrogen influence from a source which has not been determined . . . The microscopic examination of testicular tissue has failed to reveal estrogen producing cells." |
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@San若梦 2017-08-24 11:03:05 A few years ago the American psychiatrist, Robert J. Stoller, and his collaborators [8] reported the case of an evidently transsexual man who had a typically feminine body build with feminine hair distribution, but with testes and a normal penis and without internal female organs as revealed through laparotomy. Nevertheless, there was "evidence of continuing estrogen influence from a source which has not been determined . . . The microscopic examination of testicular tissue has failed to reveal estrogen producing cells." ----------------------------- 几年前一位美国的精神病学家，Robert J. Stoller，及其合作者报告了一起案例。一位明显是变性欲的男性，有一个典型的女性身材以及女性毛发分布，有睾丸及正常的阴.茎，同时剖腹手术又显示没有女性的内部器官。不管怎样，有“证据显示来源不明的雌性激素的影响……对睾丸组织的显微检测没能找到产生雌性激素的细胞。” |
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Schwabe and his collaborators,[9] however, reported shortly afterward that in another, probably transsexual male, large amounts of estrogen (more than double the normal) were found in the testes. The hormone- producing Leydig cells were held responsible for this estrogen production. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-24 11:32:17 Schwabe and his collaborators,[9] however, reported shortly afterward that in another, probably transsexual male, large amounts of estrogen (more than double the normal) were found in the testes. The hormone- producing Leydig cells were held responsible for this estrogen production. ----------------------------- 但之后不久Schwabe及其合作者报告了另外一位可能是变性欲的男性案例。大量雌性激素（比正常的两倍还多）在睾丸里被发现，而责任在生产激素的睾丸间质细胞。 |
| More investigations have been made along these lines with negative or doubtful results and still more are in progress. It must not be forgotten that transsexual patients are not too frequent and that reliable scientific studies can be made only where the necessary facilities exist, that is to say, through hospitals, laboratories, and research institutes. |
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@周一沉 2017-08-24 13:18:00 孙子 ----------------------------- 嗯？不说是那个发源于欧洲，流传了几百年的啥啥会么？怎么又成韩裔日籍了？这姓孙的还操控着美国的新闻媒体？ |
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@San若梦 2017-08-24 11:46:02 More investigations have been made along these lines with negative or doubtful results and still more are in progress. It must not be forgotten that transsexual patients are not too frequent and that reliable scientific studies can be made only where the necessary facilities exist, that is to say, through hospitals, laboratories, and research institutes. ----------------------------- 沿着这些线索还有更多的研究完成了，都得到否定或值得怀疑的结果，但还有更多的工作在进行中。我们不能忘了，变性欲病人并不常见，可靠的科学研究只能在必需的设施——比如医院、实验室、及研究所——存在下才能进行。 |
| In recent years, evidence has accumulated that hormone medication during pregnancy can have serious consequences for the newborn. If the mother was given testosterone or progesterone for any length of time during her pregnancy (usually to prevent abortion), genital deformities of the newborn may result and have resulted if the genetic sex of the baby was female. Pseudohermaphroditism was the consequence. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-24 13:48:36 In recent years, evidence has accumulated that hormone medication during pregnancy can have serious consequences for the newborn. If the mother was given testosterone or progesterone for any length of time during her pregnancy (usually to prevent abortion), genital deformities of the newborn may result and have resulted if the genetic sex of the baby was female. Pseudohermaphroditism was the consequence. ----------------------------- 最近几年有累积的证据显示，妊娠期激素药物可能对新生儿造成严重的后果。要是母亲在孕期的任何一个时间长度里服用睾酮或黄体酮（通常是为防止堕胎），可能会导致新生儿生殖器畸形，而且已经在遗传性别为女性的新生儿身上看到结果了——假两性畸形。 |
| Here, a thought is bound to occur: What if the fetus is a male? It is normally under the influence of the mother's female hormone (her estrogen) for nine months. Could that, under certain circumstances, interfere with the development so that the maleness of the newborn is repressed and a too feminine or underdeveloped infant is born? [10] Maybe the mother's progesterone and her small amounts of testosterone could, and probably normally do, act as a "brake," neutralizing the estrogen, or a metabolic conversion takes place automatically somewhere in the body. (Liver?) But maybe this does not always happen. Maybe an especially sensitive "sex center" in that small brain somehow becomes impaired in its development, either in its structure or in its chemistry, by the maternal estrogen. Could that explain why there are so many more male transsexuals, transvestites, and homosexuals than female? |
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@周一沉 2017-08-24 12:45:10 这些信息在网上都已是公开的了：【新.浪微.博及国内24家传统和网络媒体】，【yahoo】-->阿里.baba-->孙.正.义-->Oath Inc.美-->Verizon Communications 【威讯通信，美】-->旗下【美国在线AOL Inc.，时代华纳Time Warner Inc.等等】-->旗下【新线影业、家庭票房、透纳广播公司、哥伦比亚华纳广播公司、华纳兄弟、孩子们的华纳兄弟、卡通电视网、回旋镖频道、成人潮流频道、有线新闻网、DC漫画、华纳兄弟动画公司、卡通电视网...... ----------------------------- @周一沉 2017-08-24 15:31:39 这个中间有个软，银，是当初投资阿，里baba的，只是孙，正，义名下的一家公司 ----------------------------- @镜水中天 2017-08-24 22:51:19 很多人热衷阴谋论。 ----------------------------- 我和一沉对答的两帖（34、35）又被删了，昨天的。 |
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@周一沉 2017-08-24 05:32:08 所以呢，所谓美.分是真实存在的，夸美扁那谁会被删，夸那谁扁美也会被删，独.立.思.考的真话是不受媒体老板欢迎的。fake news充斥全世界，可怜的床破。 ----------------------------- @San若梦 2017-08-24 06:12:55 床破及其一伙子、一家子，难道不是fake news最大的制造者和受益者吗？ 一沉你再这么不顾及基本事实地胡诌，我真就要把花魁给唤来了哈～～：） @花魁花魁花魁 @顶帖滴顶帖滴顶帖滴 ----------------------------- @周一沉 2017-08-24 06:16:36 错！现在操.纵话语权的绝对不是床破！所以床破只能靠twitter，而国内几大门户网站的幕后与美.帝的fake news幕后是同一只黑手！ ----------------------------- 好吧，就用这帖来说说。 【而国内几大门户网站的幕后与美.帝的fake news幕后是同一只黑.手！】——这个结论下得何其的气壮山河！ 一般情况下，要让我相信如此惊世的结论，没有几十年时间的沉淀，没有海量的证据支撑，没有几个几十个的诉讼官司打下来，没有一个甚至几个国.家高度的特别调查组（比如现在正在调查床破及其家族是否与俄有涉的特别调查组）给出结论，基本是不可能。 |
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@San若梦 2017-08-24 14:07:57 Here, a thought is bound to occur: What if the fetus is a male? It is normally under the influence of the mother's female hormone (her estrogen) for nine months. Could that, under certain circumstances, interfere with the development so that the maleness of the newborn is repressed and a too feminine or underdeveloped infant is born? [10] Maybe the mother's progesterone and her small amounts of testosterone could, and probably normally do, act as a "brake," neutralizing the estrogen, or a metabolic conversion takes place automatically somewhere in the body. (Liver?) But maybe this does not always happen. Maybe an especially sensitive "sex center" in that small brain somehow becomes impaired in its development, either in its structure or in its chemistry, by the maternal estrogen. Could that explain why there are so many more male transsexuals, transvestites, and homosexuals than female? ----------------------------- 一个想法在此肯定会产生：那胎儿是男性呢？正常状态他有九个月时间都处于母体的雌性激素影响中，这个有没有可能在一定的环境条件下干扰了胎儿发育，导致新生儿的男性气被抑制，以至于生出过于女性化或者发育不全的婴儿来？也许母体身上的黄体酮及少量的睾酮能够——可能正常状态即如此——起到“刹车”的作用，中和掉雌性激素；或者一种新成代谢的转换在身体内哪儿自动发生。（肝脏？）但也许这并没有总是发生，也许在那个小小的大脑里有一个特别敏感的“性中心”，不知怎样在发育中受到母体雌性激素的损伤，结构上或者化学上。这能否解释为什么男性易装欲、变性欲、及同性恋远多于女性？ |
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@周一沉，@镜水中天 你俩有在跟读我的译文么？若有什么疑问，希望能提出来，别嫌烦哈。那样能最好地帮我找到最合适的表达。 现在刚译完约四分之一，内容我自己基本上都搞得懂（95%以上吧），但是对于我的表达能否让读者也很容易读懂，实在没多大把握。 读不懂的原因不外乎有二，一是内容本身太深奥难懂，二是译文表达不清使人难懂。前者在我的控制之外，我无能为力，但后者就完全在我的掌控之内，我想把这部分尽力做到最好。 谢了先！ |
| A child's brain is different from an adult's. The brain waves of an encephalogram do not begin to show an adult pattern until the child is four years old or even older.[11] What may be harmless to an adult may be detrimental to the young child. For instance, estrogen. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 00:25:08 A child's brain is different from an adult's. The brain waves of an encephalogram do not begin to show an adult pattern until the child is four years old or even older.[11] What may be harmless to an adult may be detrimental to the young child. For instance, estrogen. ----------------------------- 孩子的大脑有别于成年人的，其脑电图显示的脑电波在四岁前都看不出成人的模式。对成年人无害的东西，可能就会对小孩造成伤害，比如雌性激素。 |
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The female transsexual naturally would need a different explanation, if the mother's endocrine status during pregnancy is being considered. Could an abnormal conversion of estrogen into testosterone take place so that a disturbed chemical mechanism underlies the biological one? Speculation may be allowed in an area that is still as obscure as that of gender disorientation from earliest childhood on. A new line of observation and investigation may have to be opened up. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 01:12:32 The female transsexual naturally would need a different explanation, if the mother's endocrine status during pregnancy is being considered. Could an abnormal conversion of estrogen into testosterone take place so that a disturbed chemical mechanism underlies the biological one? Speculation may be allowed in an area that is still as obscure as that of gender disorientation from earliest childhood on. A new line of observation and investigation may have to be opened up. ----------------------------- 假如考虑母体在孕期中的内分泌状态，女性变性欲很自然地就需要不同的解释。有无可能是一种异常的由雌性激素到睾酮素的转换发生了，导致在生物机理之下出现一种受困扰的化学机理？在一个如孩提时就产生的性别偏差一样模糊费解的领域，推测应该被允许。一条崭新的观测、研究的思路也许不得不开启。 |
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Another interesting observation, neither genetic nor endocrine, but nevertheless organic, was made some years ago by three American public health physicians, Drs. E. G. Williams, J. D. Richard, and M. Pescor.[12] It concerned the reaction of the nervous system to Prostigmin, a rather powerful drug that acts directly on the nerves. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 01:44:36 Another interesting observation, neither genetic nor endocrine, but nevertheless organic, was made some years ago by three American public health physicians, Drs. E. G. Williams, J. D. Richard, and M. Pescor.[12] It concerned the reaction of the nervous system to Prostigmin, a rather powerful drug that acts directly on the nerves. ----------------------------- 另外还有一个很有趣的观察报告——既非遗传性也非内分泌的，但无论如何是有机的——几年前由三位美国的公共卫生医生，E. G. Williams、J. D. Richard、M. Pescor提出。它与神经系统对普洛斯——一种直接作用于神经的强力药物——的反应有关。 |
| Normal males and females react alike. So do homosexual males. The drug, however, had no affect at all on the nerves of "feminine men." According to the authors, this may indicate a possible inborn physical trait having to do with an enzyme that takes part in the chemical reaction through which nerves stimulate muscular action. To the best of my knowledge, these experiments have not been repeated as yet and therefore no confirmation or elaboration of the observation is available. In the light of the following paragraphs, however, they seem to gain particular significance. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 01:57:14 Normal males and females react alike. So do homosexual males. The drug, however, had no affect at all on the nerves of "feminine men." According to the authors, this may indicate a possible inborn physical trait having to do with an enzyme that takes part in the chemical reaction through which nerves stimulate muscular action. To the best of my knowledge, these experiments have not been repeated as yet and therefore no confirmation or elaboration of the observation is available. In the light of the following paragraphs, however, they seem to gain particular significance. ----------------------------- 正常的男性和女性反应相似，同性恋男性也一样。但是，这种药对于“女人气的男人”的神经却毫无作用。根据作者的说法，这也许显示出一种可能的先天性的身体特征，它与一种酶有关，这种酶参与了神经刺激肌肉动作的化学反应。据我所知的最准确信息，这些实验还未被重复过，因而这个观察结果并未被证实或详尽阐述过。但是根据以下几段内容，它们看起来获得了特别的重要性。 |
| Related to the genetic as well as the endocrine possibilities of etiology is a most recent one, coming from Williarn C. Young [13] and his group at the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center. It may be termed the neural or cerebroneural one. The neural structures and brain centers are the "target," that is to say, receiving organs for hormonal influences. Their genetic quality can decide how these hormones may affect them. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 02:27:58 Related to the genetic as well as the endocrine possibilities of etiology is a most recent one, coming from Williarn C. Young [13] and his group at the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center. It may be termed the neural or cerebroneural one. The neural structures and brain centers are the "target," that is to say, receiving organs for hormonal influences. Their genetic quality can decide how these hormones may affect them. ----------------------------- 最近期的一个与可能的遗传性及内分泌起因有关的理论，由俄勒岗地区灵长类动物研究中心的William C. Young 及其团队提出。它可被称作神经中枢性的或（……），神经中枢结构及大脑中心是其“目标”，也即激素影响的接受器官，它们的遗传特性能够决定这些激素怎么产生影响。 |
| The Oregon group, working largely with monkeys, point to the "mechanism of hormonal action in organizing the tissues of the central nervous system." They say, "Evidence has accumulated indicating that the gonadal hormones have a broad role in the determination of (sex) behavior" through their "differentiation or organization of neural tissues." |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 03:56:55 The Oregon group, working largely with monkeys, point to the "mechanism of hormonal action in organizing the tissues of the central nervous system." They say, "Evidence has accumulated indicating that the gonadal hormones have a broad role in the determination of (sex) behavior" through their "differentiation or organization of neural tissues." ----------------------------- 主要研究猴子的俄勒岗团队，重点指向“激素对中枢神经系统组织构建的作用机理”。他们说，“累积证据显示，生殖腺激素在决定（性）行为上扮演了很重要的角色”，通过它们的“区分或构建中枢神经组织。” |
| And so, after fifty years and more, the fundamental experiments of Eugen Steinach [14] of Vienna, who masculinized castrated females by implanting testicles and feminized castrated males through ovarian implants (and later female hormone injections) have found a modern substantiation, explanation, and elaboration. Recent brain research has likewise revealed possible pertinent facts. A frontal lobotomy, for instance, severing connections between the cerebral cortex and certain parts of deeper, more primitive centers (of the limbic system) sometimes results in bizarre and uninhibited sexual behavior. On other occasions, in clinical work, for instance, the lobotomy eliminated such behavior. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 04:12:09 And so, after fifty years and more, the fundamental experiments of Eugen Steinach [14] of Vienna, who masculinized castrated females by implanting testicles and feminized castrated males through ovarian implants (and later female hormone injections) have found a modern substantiation, explanation, and elaboration. Recent brain research has likewise revealed possible pertinent facts. A frontal lobotomy, for instance, severing connections between the cerebral cortex and certain parts of deeper, more primitive centers (of the limbic system) sometimes results in bizarre and uninhibited sexual behavior. On other occasions, in clinical work, for instance, the lobotomy eliminated such behavior. ----------------------------- 所以，维也纳的Eugen Steinach的奠基性实验——给去势的女性植入睾丸使其男性化，给去势的男性植入卵巢（之后注射雌性激素）使其女性化——在五十多年之后找到了现代化的实证、解释、及详尽的阐述。最近的关于大脑的研究很可能会揭示一些相关的事实。比如前脑页白质切除术，切断中枢皮层与更深的、更（……）的联结，有时会导致奇怪的、不合理的性举止。但临床上又有另外一些案例，脑页白质切除术消除了这样的举止。 |
| With the help of exceedingly fine electrodes inserted into the brain structure, response to stimulation could be tested. Moving these electrodes only a fraction of a millimeter, either fear or anger or sexual excitation would be elicited. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 06:45:13 With the help of exceedingly fine electrodes inserted into the brain structure, response to stimulation could be tested. Moving these electrodes only a fraction of a millimeter, either fear or anger or sexual excitation would be elicited. ----------------------------- 借助极细的插入大脑结构的电极的帮助，我们能检测到对刺激的反应。电极移动哪怕几分之一毫米，恐惧、愤怒、或是性兴奋都可能被引发。 |
| The possibility of other organic causes may be thought of, such as early encephalitic infections or brain injuries at birth, but no evidence along such lines has as yet been found. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 07:17:39 The possibility of other organic causes may be thought of, such as early encephalitic infections or brain injuries at birth, but no evidence along such lines has as yet been found. ----------------------------- 另外还能想到一些可能的有机来源，比如早期的脑膜炎或是出生时脑损伤，但没有相关的证据被发现。 |
| However, a report recently came from Dr. Roger A. Gorsky of the Brain Research Institute of the University of California at Los Angeles that may prove to be of greatest importance. Dr. Gorsky, as reported in Science |
| However, a report recently came from Dr. Roger A. Gorsky of the Brain Research Institute of the University of California at Los Angeles that may prove to be of greatest importance. Dr. Gorsky, as reported in Science Newsletter [15] found that at least a portion of the brain, known as the hypothalamus, is inherently feminine. "Unless there is testicular tissue secreting testosterone during this period of development to organize this portion of the brain along masculine lines, it remains forever feminine." |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 07:25:53 However, a report recently came from Dr. Roger A. Gorsky of the Brain Research Institute of the University of California at Los Angeles that may prove to be of greatest importance. Dr. Gorsky, as reported in Science Newsletter [15] found that at least a portion of the brain, known as the hypothalamus, is inherently feminine. "Unless there is testicular tissue secreting testosterone during this period of development to organize this portion of the brain along masculine lines, it remains forever feminine." ----------------------------- 但是，最近有一篇来自加州大学洛杉矶分校大脑研究院Roger A. Gorsky博士的报告可能会被证明非常重要。根据《科学通讯》上的报告，Gorsky博士发现至少有一部分的大脑——即所谓的下丘脑——本质上是女性的。“除非在此发育期间有隐含睾酮素的睾丸组织将这部分的大脑建构成男性化的，它将一直是女性的。” |
| Since the hypothalamus has much to do with the regulation of the pituitary function, secondary endocrine anomalies could well occur. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 07:57:38 Since the hypothalamus has much to do with the regulation of the pituitary function, secondary endocrine anomalies could well occur. ----------------------------- 既然下丘脑与垂体功能的管理关系甚大，那次级的内分泌异常就很可能发生。 |
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A psychic trauma, too, seems to have produced a period of transvestism. A case has been reported to me of a man who had never previously been a transvestite; but after the sudden death of his father, he turned to cross- dressing. After a few months, the desire disappeared as suddenly as it had started. It seems likely, however, that the tendency toward TVism existed as a latent or suppressed condition and the psychic shock merely "triggered" it into reality. Such a psychic mechanism may be operative to explain occasional actions of the "pseudo- transvestite" (Type I in S.O.S.). |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 08:05:38 A psychic trauma, too, seems to have produced a period of transvestism. A case has been reported to me of a man who had never previously been a transvestite; but after the sudden death of his father, he turned to cross- dressing. After a few months, the desire disappeared as suddenly as it had started. It seems likely, however, that the tendency toward TVism existed as a latent or suppressed condition and the psychic shock merely "triggered" it into reality. Such a psychic mechanism may be operative to explain occasional actions of the "pseudo- transvestite" (Type I in S.O.S.). ----------------------------- 精神创伤似乎也会导致一时的易装欲。一名男性向我报告过这种案例：他之前从来就不是易装欲者，但在其父亲突然过世之后他开始易装，几个月之后，欲望如起始时那样突然就消失了。然而，这看起来好像是易装的倾向以潜在的或被抑制的形式存在着，精神上的震荡只不过将其“激发”成现实。这种精神机理也许能解释偶尔的“伪易装欲”的举动。 |
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哎呀，这一小节终于草译完。迄今为止最难懂的一节。 |
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Psychological causes The possible psychological causes of transsexualism have received much more attention and also more endorsement than those that could be called "organic" (at least in the American literature). Among those causes, the phenomenon of imprinting should be mentioned first. |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 13:28:48 Psychological causes The possible psychological causes of transsexualism have received much more attention and also more endorsement than those that could be called "organic" (at least in the American literature). Among those causes, the phenomenon of imprinting should be mentioned first. ----------------------------- 心理学起因 变性欲的心理学起因比那些可以被称作“有机体的”（至少在美国的文献里）受到多得多的关注及支持。这些起因中，刻印现象应该首先提及。 |
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IMPRINTING This is a form of learning in earliest childhood, at a critical period of development, roughly between eighteen months and two and a half years. This theory is based on convincing experiments originally conducted and described by the Austrian zoologist, K. Z. Lorenz.[16] They may accidentally have a parallel in humans. Green and Money [17] of Johns Hopkins School of Medicine have this to say: |
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@San若梦 2017-08-25 13:40:26 IMPRINTING This is a form of learning in earliest childhood, at a critical period of development, roughly between eighteen months and two and a half years. This theory is based on convincing experiments originally conducted and described by the Austrian zoologist, K. Z. Lorenz.[16] They may accidentally have a parallel in humans. Green and Money [17] of Johns Hopkins School of Medicine have this to say: ----------------------------- 刻印 这是指在幼时最早期——一个发育的关键时期，大概在十八个月到两岁半之间——一种学习的形式。这个理论是以令人信服的实验——最初由奥地利动物学家做过并描述出来——为基础的。他们也许偶然地在人类身上找到相似性。约翰·霍普斯金医学院的Green和Money如此说道： |
| Imprinting is triggered by a specific perceptual stimulus which can be varied within certain limits. Lorenz' classic experiment demonstrated that the mother-following reaction in newly-hatched mallard ducklings can be manipulated experimentally to become imprinted to any substitute object that has the correct height-width ratio and moves. When he squatted and substituted himself for the duckling's mother, the birds followed him, and only him, around with the same devotion they would otherwise exhibit for their own mother. Lorenz similarly imprinted newly hatched jackdaws and found that when these birds reached sexual maturity, they imprinted not another jackdaw but a human being as sexual partner, courting either Lorenz or some other person. |
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