[小说文学] 短篇小说集：坐窗观风景[第229页]

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[小说文学]短篇小说集：坐窗观风景[第229页]

作者:San若梦

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    @周一沉 2017-07-02 09:28:59
    热烈庆祝……热烈不起来，嘿嘿
    -----------------------------
    庆祝啥？是说楼主成功抢到沙发么？

嗯，想做点科普工作，可是担心工作量太大，不能有始有终。

    @San若梦 2017-07-04 04:08:19
    嗯，想做点科普工作，可是担心工作量太大，不能有始有终。
    -----------------------------
    这么说好像是个偷懒的借口，嘿嘿

    @San若梦 2017-07-04 04:08:19
    嗯，想做点科普工作，可是担心工作量太大，不能有始有终。
    -----------------------------
    @San若梦 2017-07-04 04:11:27
    这么说好像是个偷懒的借口，嘿嘿
    -----------------------------
    就算是有始无终也比压根儿不开始强吧？

    @周一沉 2017-07-04 15:30:06
    美国总统平时吃什么？
    美国总统平时吃什么东西？也是吃我们平常人吃的东西吗？还是说非常有营养？
    -----------------------------
    @周一沉 2017-07-04 15:30:57
    不是有消息人士透露过了嘛——美国总统顿顿都吃白面大馒头，桌上还得放两大腕糖，一碗红糖一碗白糖，想蘸哪个糖就蘸哪个糖，老有营养了！
    -----------------------------
    @周一沉 2017-07-04 15:32:54
    我这个也算是科普吧？
    -----------------------------
    不算。

科普时间～～哪怕每天做一点点呢，聚沙成塔集腋成裘，也未可知哈～～：）

    【The TRANSSEXUAL PHENOMENON 】

    By Harry Benjamin, M.D.

    Originally published by THE JULIAN PRESS, INC. PUBLISHERS, New York (1966)

    @San若梦 2017-07-05 05:38:10
    【The TRANSSEXUAL PHENOMENON 】
    By Harry Benjamin, M.D.
    Originally published by THE JULIAN PRESS, INC. PUBLISHERS, New York (1966)
    -----------------------------
    @San若梦 2017-07-05 05:41:15
    这是楼主现在正在读的一本书，【变性现象】，著作者哈里·本杰明医生，1966年在美国出版。
    -----------------------------
    @San若梦 2017-07-05 05:50:10
    这位德裔美国人本医生，当之无愧是美国变性研究的先驱者与奠基人。
    以下摘自维基百科：
    【In 1979 the Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association was formed, using Benjamin's name by permission. The group consists of therapists and psychologists who devised a set of Standards of Care (SOC) for the treatment of gender identity disorder, largely based on Benjamin's cases, and studies.[13] It later changed its name to The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), but still reveres its links to Harry Benjamin.】
    -----------------------------
    就是说在1979年，一个国际性的专门研究变性现像并为各种变性治疗方法制定规章制度的组织成立时，本医生的大名被冠用为该组织的名称。

    后来虽然组织名称被改为更正式的【世界变性人卫生专业协会】，但其秉持的原则和标准很大程度仍是建立于本医生的研究成果之上。

    @San若梦 2017-07-05 06:12:54
    就是说在1979年，一个国际性的专门研究变性现像并为各种变性治疗方法制定规章制度的组织成立时，本医生的大名被冠用为该组织的名称。
    后来虽然组织名称被改为更正式的【世界变性人卫生专业协会】，但其秉持的原则和标准很大程度仍是建立于本医生的研究成果之上。
    -----------------------------
    @San若梦 2017-07-05 07:10:06
    而本杰明医生的研究成果，基本上就全在楼主正在读的这本【变性现象】里了，换言之就是说，若是想真正深入了解【变性人】这个议题，本医生这本煌煌大著是必须读的。
    楼主是先读了两本最新出版的【变性人】议题的书，再返回来读这本六十年前出版的古董书，刚开了个头，现在就一边读一边把读书笔记发这儿，权当科普吧。
    -----------------------------
    这本书应该没有中译本，至少楼主的搜索结果是没有。

    我现在读的是英文原版，因为已经过了50年的版权保护期，该书电子版在网上可免费阅读。

    @San若梦 2017-07-05 06:12:54
    就是说在1979年，一个国际性的专门研究变性现像并为各种变性治疗方法制定规章制度的组织成立时，本医生的大名被冠用为该组织的名称。
    后来虽然组织名称被改为更正式的【世界变性人卫生专业协会】，但其秉持的原则和标准很大程度仍是建立于本医生的研究成果之上。
    -----------------------------
    @San若梦 2017-07-05 07:10:06
    而本杰明医生的研究成果，基本上就全在楼主正在读的这本【变性现象】里了，换言之就是说，若是想真正深入了解【变性人】这个议题，本医生这本煌煌大著是必须读的。
    楼主是先读了两本最新出版的【变性人】议题的书，再返回来读这本六十年前出版的古董书，刚开了个头，现在就一边读一边把读书笔记发这儿，权当科普吧。
    -----------------------------
    @San若梦 2017-07-05 08:34:33
    这本书应该没有中译本，至少楼主的搜索结果是没有。
    我现在读的是英文原版，因为已经过了50年的版权保护期，该书电子版在网上可免费阅读。
    -----------------------------
    http://www.mut23.de/texte/Harry%20Benjamin%20-%20The%20Transsexual%20Phenomenon.pdf

    @周一沉 2017-07-05 10:37:17
    学习
    -----------------------------
    嗯嗯，知识就是力量

The Symphony of Sexes

There is hardly a word in the English language comparable to the word "sex" in its vagueness and in its emotional content. It seems definite (male or female) and yet is indefinite (as we will see). The more sex is studied in its nature and implications, the more it loses an exact scientific meaning. The anatomical structures, so sacred to many, come nearer and nearer to being dethroned. Only the social and legal significances of sex emerge and remain

    @San若梦 2017-07-05 14:14:04
    The Symphony of Sexes
    There is hardly a word in the English language comparable to the word "sex" in its vagueness and in its emotional content. It seems definite (male or female) and yet is indefinite (as we will see). The more sex is studied in its nature and implications, the more it loses an exact scientific meaning. The anatomical structures, so sacred to many, come nearer and nearer to being dethroned. Only the social and legal significances of sex emerge and remain.
    -----------------------------
    大意：英文中【性】之一词，它的内涵丰富、定义模糊含混等等，恐怕没有别的哪个词能出其右。而且研究越深，它的定义越模糊，以前以身体结构为基准的定义法已然行不通了。

    @周一沉 2017-07-05 14:22:18
    顶
    -----------------------------
    一沉还没睡？

    @San若梦 2017-07-05 14:14:04
    The Symphony of Sexes
    There is hardly a word in the English language comparable to the word "sex" in its vagueness and in its emotional content. It seems definite (male or female) and yet is indefinite (as we will see). The more sex is studied in its nature and implications, the more it loses an exact scientific meaning. The anatomical structures, so sacred to many, come nearer and nearer to being dethroned. Only the social and legal significances of sex emerge and remain.
    -----------------------------
    @San若梦 2017-07-05 14:30:45
    大意：英文中【性】之一词，它的内涵丰富、定义模糊含混等等，恐怕没有别的哪个词能出其右。而且研究越深，它的定义越模糊，以前以身体结构为基准的定义法已然行不通了。
    -----------------------------
    差点忘了，这章标题——【性的交响乐】。

According to the dictionary, sex is synonymous with gender. But, in actuality, this is not true. It will become apparent in the following pages that "sex" is more applicable where there is the implication of sexuality, of libido, and of sexual activity. "Gender" is the nonsexual side of sex. As someone once expressed it: Gender is located above, and sex below the belt. This differentiation, however, cannot always be very sharp or constant and therefore, to avoid pedantry, sex and gender must, here and there, be used interchangeably.

    @San若梦 2017-07-05 14:34:29
    According to the dictionary, sex is synonymous with gender. But, in actuality, this is not true. It will become apparent in the following pages that "sex" is more applicable where there is the implication of sexuality, of libido, and of sexual activity. "Gender" is the nonsexual side of sex. As someone once expressed it: Gender is located above, and sex below the belt. This differentiation, however, cannot always be very sharp or constant and therefore, to avoid pedantry, sex and gender must, here and there, be used interchangeably.
    -----------------------------
    大意：【sex——性】和【gender——性别】这两个词，在字典中被划为同义词，其实不然。前者多指性感、性欲、性活动等等【性中之性】，而后者更偏向于【性中之非性】的特质。有人曾如是表述过：【gender】是腰带之上，【sex】则在腰带之下。然而这种种的区别，也非那么黑白分明，经常都是模糊不清的。

    若梦注：归里包堆儿一句话，就是怎一个乱字了得！

With the advancement of biologic and especially of genetic studies, the concept of "male" and "female" has become rather uncertain. There is no longer an absolute division (dichotomy). The dominant status of the genital organs for the determination of one’s sex has been shaken, at least in the world of science.

    @San若梦 2017-07-06 02:53:31
    With the advancement of biologic and especially of genetic studies, the concept of "male" and "female" has become rather uncertain. There is no longer an absolute division (dichotomy). The dominant status of the genital organs for the determination of one’s sex has been shaken, at least in the world of science.
    -----------------------------
    大意：随着生物学尤其是遗传学的反展，男女两性的概念变得不确定，以生殖器辨雌雄的主流开始动摇，至少在科学界如此。

Furthermore, there is also the psychological reaction to sex, which is widely different in different individuals. It means one thing to an objective scientist, for instance such a man as Kinsey. It means an entirely different thing to a fanatical and antisexual crusader such as Comstock. A Brigitte Bardot will look at sex in her own way, and so will the courtesan. The average citizen may not identify himself or herself with any of these interpretations but will have his or her own concepts and ideas as to what sex means or should mean.

    @San若梦 2017-07-06 03:00:45
    Furthermore, there is also the psychological reaction to sex, which is widely different in different individuals. It means one thing to an objective scientist, for instance such a man as Kinsey. It means an entirely different thing to a fanatical and antisexual crusader such as Comstock. A Brigitte Bardot will look at sex in her own way, and so will the courtesan. The average citizen may not identify himself or herself with any of these interpretations but will have his or her own concepts and ideas as to what sex means or should mean.
    -----------------------------
    大意：另外从心理学角度来看【性】，个体的解读根本可以南辕北辙，比如一个理性客观的科学家，与一个狂热禁欲的圣斗士，等等等等。

The biologist, the medical man and clinician, the psychologist, the jurist, the sociologist, and finally the priest and theologian are all apt to view and study sex from different angles and in different lights. In some instances, sex means gender; in others, it means sexuality, sex relations, and, occasionally, "vice" or something "obscene" and pornographic.

    @San若梦 2017-07-06 03:11:29
    The biologist, the medical man and clinician, the psychologist, the jurist, the sociologist, and finally the priest and theologian are all apt to view and study sex from different angles and in different lights. In some instances, sex means gender; in others, it means sexuality, sex relations, and, occasionally, "vice" or something "obscene" and pornographic.
    -----------------------------
    大意：一个生物学家、医学家、门诊医师、精神病学家、法学家、社会学家，最后还有牧师和神学家，他们看待【性】之一词，肯定各个不同，有时代表【性别】，有时意指【性感】、【性关系】，甚至可能影射【色情】。

嗯，不错，给自己一点压力，总能挤出时间～～：）

The object and purpose of sexual relations varies with various persons and under various circumstances. In the animal world, the sex urge is the instrument for procreation. Animals fornicate instinctively for that purpose only. Humans do not do so as a rule. Yet the Roman Catholic Church would want just that: sex relations for the same purpose in man as in animals, procreation only. But most individuals seek pleasure in sex or at least seek relief from unpleasant tensions. More and more persons realize that sex serves recreation as well as procreation. But such is rarely admitted and rarely taught in any schools, including medical schools. Sexology as a branch of medicine is still rather widely ignored in formal medical education, to the great disadvantage of the young doctor and his future patients.

    @San若梦 2017-07-06 04:57:19
    The object and purpose of sexual relations varies with various persons and under various circumstances. In the animal world, the sex urge is the instrument for procreation. Animals fornicate instinctively for that purpose only. Humans do not do so as a rule. Yet the Roman Catholic Church would want just that: sex relations for the same purpose in man as in animals, procreation only. But most individuals seek pleasure in sex or at least seek relief from unpleasant tensions. More and more persons realize that sex serves recreation as well as procreation. But such is rarely admitted and rarely taught in any schools, including medical schools. Sexology as a branch of medicine is still rather widely ignored in formal medical education, to the great disadvantage of the young doctor and his future patients.
    -----------------------------
    大意：人们涉足性关系的目的，因人而异，因势而异。动物的性活动纯粹以繁衍后代为目的，但人类不是。越来越多的人们意识到，性欢娱或者至少以此舒解压力，与繁衍后代一样重要。只是这点还不被社会承认，而性学作为医学的一个分枝学科，仍然被广泛地忽视。

For the simple man in the street, there are only two sexes. A person is either male or female, Adam or Eve. With more learning comes more doubt. The more sophisticated realize that every Adam contains elements of Eve and every Eve harbors traces of Adam, physically as well as psychologically.

    @San若梦 2017-07-06 06:14:47
    For the simple man in the street, there are only two sexes. A person is either male or female, Adam or Eve. With more learning comes more doubt. The more sophisticated realize that every Adam contains elements of Eve and every Eve harbors traces of Adam, physically as well as psychologically.
    -----------------------------
    大意：对头脑简单的路人而言，世上就是男女两性，亚当和夏娃。但知识与疑问相偕而至，学识丰富的人们意识到，每一个亚当里都包含夏娃的因子，而每一个夏娃身上都有亚当的影子，身心俱然。

The better educated person knows of the existence of intersexes, of true and of pseudohermaphrodites in whom the physical sex is in doubt. He is also acquainted with homosexuality, bisexuality, and transvestism, all revealing a disturbed, doubtful, confused, and uncertain manifestation of sex.

    @San若梦 2017-07-06 06:23:40
    The better educated person knows of the existence of intersexes, of true and of pseudohermaphrodites in whom the physical sex is in doubt. He is also acquainted with homosexuality, bisexuality, and transvestism, all revealing a disturbed, doubtful, confused, and uncertain manifestation of sex.
    -----------------------------
    大意：受教育程度较高的人，知道各种性与性别的错位、同性恋、双性恋、易装欲，这些性的复杂性及不确定性等等。

Here must be added the picture of the immature sexuality, the sexuality of the child (polymorph perverse, in psychoanalytic terminology), some of which frequently persists into adulthood and then may give rise to homo-
and bisexuality, to all kinds of deviations, such as sadomasochism and the often bizarre forms of various fetishisms. Some individuals do "get stuck" in their infantile sexuality.

    @San若梦 2017-07-06 06:35:59
    Here must be added the picture of the immature sexuality, the sexuality of the child (polymorph perverse, in psychoanalytic terminology), some of which frequently persists into adulthood and then may give rise to homo-
    and bisexuality, to all kinds of deviations, such as sadomasochism and the often bizarre forms of various fetishisms. Some individuals do "get stuck" in their infantile sexuality.
    -----------------------------
    大意：性的复杂性还必须加上一条孩童早熟的性意识，其中一些延续至成年，可能导致同性恋、双性恋以及各种变异形态，比如虐恋（施虐/受虐），比如恋物癖（专指对一些据说有超自然力并能激发性欲的物品的迷恋）。

嗯，不错，完成一页。总计约一百五十页。

    @周一沉 2017-07-06 13:19:08
    嘿嘿
    -----------------------------
    学习了么？别光说不练哈～～：）

    @周一沉 2017-07-06 13:19:08
    嘿嘿
    -----------------------------
    @San若梦 2017-07-06 13:37:06
    学习了么？别光说不练哈～～：）
    -----------------------------
    @周一沉 2017-07-06 13:52:11
    在学习啊
    -----------------------------
    那行～～：）

Aside from such diversity of the expression of the sex urge, there is another more basic multiformity rarely considered except by research scientists, but highly essential for the subject of this book. The reference is to the various kinds of sex that can be identified and separated, in spite of overlapping and interaction.

    @San若梦 2017-07-06 14:25:35
    Aside from such diversity of the expression of the sex urge, there is another more basic multiformity rarely considered except by research scientists, but highly essential for the subject of this book. The reference is to the various kinds of sex that can be identified and separated, in spite of overlapping and interaction.
    -----------------------------
    大意：除了前述关于性欲等等的各种表达，其实还有一种更为基本的多样性……

Ordinarily, the purpose of scientific investigation is to bring more clarity, more light into fields of obscurity. Modern researches, however, delving into "the riddle of sex," have actually produced - so far - more obscurity, more complexity. Instead of the conventional two sexes with their anatomical differences, there may be up to ten or more separate concepts and manifestations of sex and each could be of vital importance to the individual. Here are some of the kinds of sex I have in mind: chromosomal, genetic, anatomical, legal, gonadal, germinal, endocrine (hormonal), psychological and - also - the social sex, usually based on the sex of rearing.

    @San若梦 2017-07-06 14:35:27
    Ordinarily, the purpose of scientific investigation is to bring more clarity, more light into fields of obscurity. Modern researches, however, delving into "the riddle of sex," have actually produced - so far - more obscurity, more complexity. Instead of the conventional two sexes with their anatomical differences, there may be up to ten or more separate concepts and manifestations of sex and each could be of vital importance to the individual. Here are some of the kinds of sex I have in mind: chromosomal, genetic, anatomical, legal, gonadal, germinal, endocrine (hormonal), psychological and - also - the social sex, usually based on the sex of rearing.
    -----------------------------
    大意：通常说来，在科学领域，若是有某个问题不清不楚，对该问题进行调查研究的目的都是为了把这个问题搞清楚。然而一进入【性之谜题】，情势却完全相反：现在的研究不仅没把这问题搞清楚，反而产生了更多的不清不楚。

    我能想得起来的所谓【性】就是如下几种：染色体的、遗传的、身体结构的、法律上的、生殖器的、胚胎的（？）、内分泌的（激素的）、心理的、社会的，等等。

The chromosomal sex, rather loosely equated with the genetic sex, is the fundamental one and is to be considered first. It determines both sex and gender.

    @San若梦 2017-07-07 03:37:54
    The chromosomal sex, rather loosely equated with the genetic sex, is the fundamental one and is to be considered first. It determines both sex and gender.
    -----------------------------
    大意：染色体性------大致等同于遗传性------是最基本的，它决定了性与性别。

At the moment of conception, when fertilization takes place, and when the father’s sperm cell enters the mother’s egg, the sex of the future child is decided upon. If the father’s sperm happened to carry a Y chromosome (and approximately half of them do), the fetus will - normally - develop male sex organs and a boy will be born. If it contained an X chromosome, the normal development will provide female sex organs for the fetus, resulting in the birth of a girl.

    @San若梦 2017-07-07 03:41:48
    At the moment of conception, when fertilization takes place, and when the father’s sperm cell enters the mother’s egg, the sex of the future child is decided upon. If the father’s sperm happened to carry a Y chromosome (and approximately half of them do), the fetus will - normally - develop male sex organs and a boy will be born. If it contained an X chromosome, the normal development will provide female sex organs for the fetus, resulting in the birth of a girl.
    -----------------------------
    大意：受孕时，当父亲的精子进入母亲的卵子之际，孩子的性就确定了。父亲的精子若是带Y染色体（约一半比例），胎儿在正常情况下发育出雄性性器官，出生就是男孩。若是X染色体，发育出雌性性器官，生出女孩。

The mother’s egg cell always carries an X chromosome and therefore the normal male chromosomal constellation is XY; the normal female, XX. In rare cases, various imperfectly understood abnormalities may occur and constellations of XXY, XXYY, even to XXXXY, and so on, have been observed with more or less severe defects in the physical as well as the mental structure of the child. Some of these patterns have been aptly described as a "mosaic" of sex. According to recent investigations, it seems that the more severe the chromosomal abnormalities are (for instance, the more X chromosomes are found), the more marked are mental retardation, testicular cell distortion, and genital as well as skeletal disorders.2

哈哈哈～～笑晕！

    @San若梦 2017-07-07 07:24:39
    The mother’s egg cell always carries an X chromosome and therefore the normal male chromosomal constellation is XY; the normal female, XX. In rare cases, various imperfectly understood abnormalities may occur and constellations of XXY, XXYY, even to XXXXY, and so on, have been observed with more or less severe defects in the physical as well as the mental structure of the child. Some of these patterns have been aptly described as a "mosaic" of sex. According to recent investigations, it seems that the more severe the chromosomal abnormalities are (for instance, the more X chromosomes are found), the more marked are mental retardation, testicular cell distortion, and genital as well as skeletal disorders.2
    -----------------------------
    大意：母亲的卵细胞带X染色体，所以正常男孩染色体组合是XY，正常女孩XX。不正常的组合比如XXY、XXYY，甚至XXXXY导致孩子的先天性缺陷，身心都可能。最近的研究发现，染色体组合越不正常（比如X越多），孩子智力缺陷越严重。

The pattern of the sex chromosomes, the so-called sex determinants, remains frozen in every body cell including blood cells. The true sex of an individual can therefore be diagnosed from these cell structures, usually taken for microscopic examination from the skin, the mucous membranes of the mouth, or the blood.

    @San若梦 2017-07-07 14:33:50
    The pattern of the sex chromosomes, the so-called sex determinants, remains frozen in every body cell including blood cells. The true sex of an individual can therefore be diagnosed from these cell structures, usually taken for microscopic examination from the skin, the mucous membranes of the mouth, or the blood.
    -----------------------------
    大意：这些性染色体——所谓的性别决定因素——的形态，都保存在每个身体细胞里，因此每个个体的性别都可以通过检验细胞结构来确定。

It is not always necessary to make a complete study of the (normally 46) chromosomes (a so-called karyotype) to arrive at the diagnosis of an individual’s true sex. The scientist can also - more simply although less revealingly - look for the so-called sex-chromatin body in the cell structure. If it is found, the individual is female. Males are "chromatin negative." A subdivision of the "chromosomal sex" can therefore be the "chromatin sex."

唉，今天完不成任务啦，争取明天补上～～

    @San若梦 2017-07-07 14:49:17
    It is not always necessary to make a complete study of the (normally 46) chromosomes (a so-called karyotype) to arrive at the diagnosis of an individual’s true sex. The scientist can also - more simply although less revealingly - look for the so-called sex-chromatin body in the cell structure. If it is found, the individual is female. Males are "chromatin negative." A subdivision of the "chromosomal sex" can therefore be the "chromatin sex."
    -----------------------------
    大意：要确定一个人的真实性别，并不需要研究人体细胞所携带的所有46个染色体（即所谓的染色体模板），只需寻找所谓的性染色体。若是在细胞组织里找到了，那该个体就是女性，没找到就是男性。……

A great deal has yet to be learned about the genetic sex and until more is known, it may be well to keep an open mind as to the possible causes of some mental abnormalities and sex deviations. At present, they are mostly ascribed to psychological conditioning; but they may yet find an additional explanation in some still obscure genetic fault, perhaps as a predisposing factor for later environmental influences.

    @San若梦 2017-07-08 01:34:13
    A great deal has yet to be learned about the genetic sex and until more is known, it may be well to keep an open mind as to the possible causes of some mental abnormalities and sex deviations. At present, they are mostly ascribed to psychological conditioning; but they may yet find an additional explanation in some still obscure genetic fault, perhaps as a predisposing factor for later environmental influences.
    -----------------------------
    大意：关于遗传性别，目前所知不多，对一些精神异常和性别变异的可能成因，我们最好保持一个开放的心态。……

Barring accidents during gestation which could bring about hermaphroditic deformities, the newborn boy or girl will reveal the sex through the presence or absence of primary and secondary genital organs. The testes (and the ovaries) are "primary" because they are directly concerned with reproduction. The secondary organs of the male are the penis, scrotum, prostate, masculine hair distribution, a deeper voice, and so on, and a masculine psychology (such as aggressiveness, self assurance, and related traits). All these are further developed and maintained by the testicular hormone called androgen. The secondary female characteristics are the clitoris, vulva, uterus (with its menstrual function), vagina, breasts, a wide pelvis, female voice, female hair distribution, and the usual feminine mental traits (shyness, compliance, emotionalism, and others.)3

    @San若梦 2017-07-08 01:43:35
    Barring accidents during gestation which could bring about hermaphroditic deformities, the newborn boy or girl will reveal the sex through the presence or absence of primary and secondary genital organs. The testes (and the ovaries) are "primary" because they are directly concerned with reproduction. The secondary organs of the male are the penis, scrotum, prostate, masculine hair distribution, a deeper voice, and so on, and a masculine psychology (such as aggressiveness, self assurance, and related traits). All these are further developed and maintained by the testicular hormone called androgen. The secondary female characteristics are the clitoris, vulva, uterus (with its menstrual function), vagina, breasts, a wide pelvis, female voice, female hair distribution, and the usual feminine mental traits (shyness, compliance, emotionalism, and others.)3
    -----------------------------
    大意：不谈雌雄同体的畸形状况，初生的婴儿由其第一和第二性征器官显示他们的性别。睾丸（及卵巢）因与生育繁殖直接相关，为第一性征。男性的第二性征为阴茎、阴囊、前列腺、雄性毛发分布、浑厚的声音等等，再加上雄性心理（比如争强好斗、大男子作派等等）。所有这些性征都因雄性激素的存在而一直发育并维持着。女性第二性征包括阴唇、外阴、子宫、阴道、乳房、较宽的骨盆、女声、女性毛发分布，以及常见的女性性格特征（害羞、顺从、易感等等）。

嗯，居然发出来了，不错！

Both together, the primary and the secondary sex characters, constitute another, the second "kind of sex," the anatomical (or morphological) sex.

Again a subdivision may be recognized as the genital sex or the gonadal sex, gonad being the collective term for the testes and ovaries.

    @San若梦 2017-07-08 03:39:25
    Both together, the primary and the secondary sex characters, constitute another, the second "kind of sex," the anatomical (or morphological) sex.
    Again a subdivision may be recognized as the genital sex or the gonadal sex, gonad being the collective term for the testes and ovaries.
    -----------------------------
    大意：总而言之，第一第二性征描述的是所谓的第二种性——以身体结构为判断标准的性。其下还可分出生殖器性或生殖腺性，生殖腺意指睾丸和卵巢。

昨天的功课补完，喝点茶歇息下，待会儿再来哈～～：）

This genital sex, in everyday thought or language, decides who is a man and who is a woman. The visible sex organs indeed provide the simplest way of differentiation, of which an unwritten law takes advantage. The genital sex in this way becomes another kind of sex: the legal sex, actually not defined in legal codes, yet employed in everyday practice.

    @San若梦 2017-07-08 06:15:53
    This genital sex, in everyday thought or language, decides who is a man and who is a woman. The visible sex organs indeed provide the simplest way of differentiation, of which an unwritten law takes advantage. The genital sex in this way becomes another kind of sex: the legal sex, actually not defined in legal codes, yet employed in everyday practice.
    -----------------------------
    大意：【生殖器性别】是日常生活中判定男性或女性的标准，看得见的性器官为我们提供了这个最简单的方法，以此角度看它又形成另一种性别——法律上的性别——但其实法律上并无此界定，不过约定俗成就是如此。

In this area, errors of sex can occur and are not too infrequent. The obstetrician or the midwife may be deceived. Usually they take only a quick look at the newborn baby and congratulate the parents on a boy or a girl. But they may have made a mistake. Hermaphroditic or - much more frequently - pseudohermaphroditic deformities may have escaped them, or the organs may be so incompletely developed, "unfinished" (as John Money calls it), or the testes undescended, that the observer was misled. In this way the so-called nursery sex was not the true sex. Consequently the legal sex was wrong too and complications may loom large for the future.

    @周一沉 2017-07-08 08:41:30
    楼主辛苦！
    -----------------------------
    还好还好，欢喜做甘愿受～～：）

多谢一沉！

很励志的歌呢，也非常好听，余天的嗓音浑厚，好听！

    @San若梦 2017-07-08 06:31:05
    In this area, errors of sex can occur and are not too infrequent. The obstetrician or the midwife may be deceived. Usually they take only a quick look at the newborn baby and congratulate the parents on a boy or a girl. But they may have made a mistake. Hermaphroditic or - much more frequently - pseudohermaphroditic deformities may have escaped them, or the organs may be so incompletely developed, "unfinished" (as John Money calls it), or the testes undescended, that the observer was misled. In this way the so-called nursery sex was not the true sex. Consequently the legal sex was wrong too and complications may loom large for the future.
    -----------------------------
    大意：性别错位在此时有发生。妇产科医生或接生婆可能被假相误导：他们通常是飞快地看一眼初生婴儿，就马上恭贺新晋父母喜得贵子或千金。但是他们可能已经出错，没有发现雌雄同体，或者更常见的伪雌雄同体的畸形。……。这种情况下，所谓的产房性别就不是真实的性别，导致法律上的性别也搞错，以及将来可能的许多麻烦。

We spoke of the gonadal sex which, however, on closer examination must be divided into two varieties because the gonads have two separate functions. They produce the germ cells and they secrete hormones. And so we have the germinal sex and the endocrine (or hormonal) sex.

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